First aid by symptoms mobile

 

What to look out for – Difficulty in breathing – Rapid pulse – Red, blochy skin rash – Swelling on face and neck – Puffy eyes What to do – Send for an ambulance. – Sit the casualty down and help them find a position which enables them to breathe comfortably. – If they become unconcious, put them in the recovery position, monitor their breathing and pulse, and be ready to start artificial ventilation or cardiopulmonary resuscitation if necessary. allergies allergy dizzness face lips neck red eyes swelling

 

What to look out for – Bleeding – Puncture wound, possibly quite deep What to do – Wash the wound thoroughly under cool running water. – Pat dry and cover with a sterile dresssing. – If the bite is deep, control bleeding by applying direct pressure and raising the affected limb. – Ensure that the casualty is taken to the hospital.

 

What to look out for – Swelling – Pain – Anaphylactic Shock(in rare cases) What to do – If the sting is still embedded, remove it with tweezers. – Apply a cold compress to ease the swelling. – If the pain and swelling continues over the next day or so, advise the casualty to seek medical help. IMPORTANT – If there is any extreme allergic reaction treat the casualty for anaphylactic shock

 

What to look out for – Bleeding wound – Shock What to do – Apply direct pressure with your hand, making sure there is no embedded objects in the wound. – Apply a sterile dressing or clean pad to the wound. – If possible, raise and support the injures limb. – Leaving the original dressing in place, bandage it securely. – Treat the casualty for shock. IMPORTANT – If there is any object embedded in the wound, do not apply direct pressure but press firmly on either side of the object. When bandaging, build up either side of the object with sterile pads high enough to clear it, so you can secure the bandage without pressing down on the object. – Don’t waste time on finding pressure points and dont use a torniquet, as this can lead to gangarene

 

What to look out for – Cold, pale, calmy skin – Weak and rapid pulse – Pain – Thirst – Confusion – Unconciousness – Coughing up blood – Blood in the urine or faeces – Severe bruising What to do – Treat the casualty for shock by lying them down and raising their legs. – Send for an ambulance and monitor the casualty’s breathing and pulse. Be ready to start artificial ventilation or cardiopulmonary resuscitation, if necessary. IMPORTANT – Be careful not to over-heat casualty. If they complain of being cold, only use the blanket. bleeding blood

 

What to look out for – Difficulty in breathing – Rapid, shallow and noisy breaths – Coughing and wheezing – Tightness in the chest – Distress – Difficulty in speaking – Blue lips and/or skin (in severe cases) What to do – Sit the casualty down, making sure they lean forward slightly, preferably resting on a support such as a table. – Most asthma sufferers carry a ‘puffer’. Help them to use it (about 4 puffs) – If the casualty’s condition does not improve in 10 minutes, give them a further 4 puffs. – If there is still no improvement or if the casulty has no medication and the attack is prolonged, call an ambulance. IMPORTANT – If this is a first ttack the casualty should see their doctor. – Don’t waste time on finding pressure points and dont use a torniquet, as this can lead to gangarene

 

What to look out for – Difficulty in Breathing – Blue lips and skin – Coughing – Inability to speak or cough (in extreme cases) – Unconciousness What to do – Let the casualty cough. If difficulty in breathing continues, send for an ambulance. – Get behind casualty and put your arms around them, just above the waist, making a fist with one hand and grasping it with the other. – Pull sharply inwards and upwards. Repeat as necessary. – If the casualty becomes unconcious lie them on their back, sit astride them and place one hand on the top of the other, just below their ribcage. Thurst upwards and inwards. – If the casualty’s breathing returns, put them in the recovery position and monitor their breathing and pulse until help arrives. IMPORTANT – If breathing stops, begin artificial ventilation immidiately. – If the casualty is able to cough, don’t slap the casualty on their back, as this may cause the obstruction to shift and block the airway completely. – For babies and small chidren: Place them across your lap, face down and head low, giving them 5 sharp slaps on the back.

 

What to look out for – Rapid, deep and noisy breathing – Dizziness and confusion – Tingling in the hands What to do – Reassure casualty and, if possible, take them somewhere quite and private to regain control of their breathing. – If hyperventilation continues, get the casualty to breath into a paper bag. IMPORTANT – Do not get the casualty to breathe into anything other than a paper bag.

 

What to look out for – Difficulty in breathing – Coughing and wheezing – In some cases: Headache, Nausea, Blue Skin, Confusion, Unconciousness What to do – Send for an ambulance and, if appropriate, fire services – If it is safe for you to do so, get the casulaty away from danger and into fresh air. – Monitor the casualty’s pulse and breathing until help arrives. Be ready to start artficial ventilation or cardiopulmonary resuscitation, if necessary.

 

What to look out for – Red and blistered skin – Pain – Dark red, charred skin (in severe cases) – Shock What to do – Cool the affected area immidiately under cold running water for at least 10 minutes. – If Possible, remove any jewellery or loosen any constricting clothing. – Cover the burn with a sterile, non-fluffy dressing. IMPORTANT – Chemical burns need prolonged washing. NEVER – Burst blisters or apply creams, lotions or ointments to a burn.

 

What to look out for – Pain and difficulty in breathing – Confusion – Shock – Coughing up blood – Blue lips and skin – Blood froathing out of a wound – Unconciousness What to do – Cover the wound immidiately with your hand or, if the patient is concious, their hand. – Cover the wound with a sterile dressing. If the wound is deep, cover this dressing with a plastic bag or similar and make an airtight seal by sticking down the four sides down with tap or securing it with a bandage. – If the casualty is concious, get them to sit down, leaning slightly towards the side that is injured. – Send for and ambulance. IMPORTANT – If the casualty becomes unconcious, chceck they are still breathing an ahve a pulse, and put in the recovery position on their injured side. If the breathing stops, start artificial ventilation and, if you lose a pulse, cardiopulmonary resuscitation.

 

What to look out for – Twitching, shaking or rigid body – Unconciuosness – Hot, flushed skin – Clenched fists – Difficulty in breathing What to do – Remove and nearby objects that may harm the child. – Remove their clothing and sponge the child with tepid water to cool them down. – Put the child in the recovery position if possible. – Send for an ambulance. IMPORTANT – Never restrain a child during a fit.

 

What to look out for – Twitching of limbs and eyelids – Confusion – Unconciousness – Shaking or rigid body – Unusual breathing pattern – Clenched jaw – Frothing at the mouth What to do – If possile try to ease the casualty’s fall. – Place a cushion or similar under the casualty’s head, remove any objects that may cause harm and loosen any tight clothing. – Allow the casualty to recover their own time. If they are unconcious, place in the recovery position. IMPORTANT – If the convulsions last longer than 10 minutes, or if this is a casualty’s first attack, send for an ambulance. NEVER – Restrain the casualty or put anything in the mouth.

 

What to look out for – Casualty trapped under heavy object – Fractures – Internal bleeding – Shock What to do – Release the casualty from the object as soon as possible. – Deal with any bleeding, fractures, internal bleeding or shock. – Send for an ambulance. IMPORTANT – Never release the casualty who has been crushed for more than 10 minutes

 

What to look out for – Dry skin – Rapid Pulse – Difficulty in breathing – Strong thirst – Need to urinate frequently – Unconciuosness – Nausea – Acetone-smelling breath – Pain in abdomen What to do – The pripority is to get the casualty to hospital. Send for an ambulance immidiately. – If the casualty becomes unconcious, put them in the recovery position and check their breathing and pulse regularly. Be ready to start artificial ventilation and cardiopulmonary resuscitation, if necessary.

 

What to look out for – Faintness and weakness – Confusion – Pale, cold and clammy skin – Strong, rapid pulse – Shallow breathing – Hunger What to do – Get the casualty to sit or lie down and give them a sugary drink such as, orange juice, sweet tea, or a couple of spoon fuls of sugar dissolved in a glass of water. – when they have reocovered, give the casualty something sweet or starchy to eat and let them rest. You should also advice them to see their doctor. IMPORTANT – If the casualty is unconcious, do not give them anything by mouth. Send for an ambulance. Put them in the recovery position and monitor their breathing and pulse. Be ready to start artificial ventilation or cardiopulmonary resuscitation, if necessary.

 

What to look out for – Pain made worse by movement – Difficulty in moving affected joint – Soiling and bruising – Shock – Unusual appearance of joint What to do – Rest and support the joint in the position which is most comfortable for the casualty. – Apply an icepack or cold compressed to affected area. – Ensure casualty is taken to hospital. IMPORTANT – Never try to push bones back into position. NEVER – Apply ice directly to bare skin – wrap it in a cloth first.

 

What to look out for – Hypothermia – Uncounciousness What to do – Try to rescue the casualty but dont put yourself in danger. If possible, stay on a dry land and reach out to the casualty with a stick, or throw a rope. – Try to keep the casualty’s head lower than their chest once they are out of the water. – If the casualty has stopped breathing send for an ambulance and start artificial ventilation as soon as possible. – Clear any water from the stomach and air passages by placing them on their front, holding their waist and lifting their lower back. If the casualty has no pulse, strat cardioulmonary resuscitation. – If the casualty is breathing and has a pulse, put them in the recovery position and insulate from the cold. – If they are concious, remove wet clothing, insulate from the cold and treat them for hypothermia. Monitor their breathing and pulse until help arrives. IMPORTANT – Anyone who has lost conciousness should be advised to seek medical attention. NEVER – Put yourself at risk – if in doubt call the emergency service.

 

What to look out for – Unconciousness – Confusion – Faintness and dizziness – Difficulty in breathing – Vomiting What to do – Clear the airway, check breathing and pulse. Be ready to start artificial ventilation or cardiopulmonary resuscitation, if necessary. – If the casualty is unconcious but is breathing and has a pulse put them in a recovery position. – Send for an ambulance and monitor the casualty’s breathing and pulse until help arrives. IMPORTANT – Keep of sample of any vomitted material to take to hospital with the casualty. NEVER – Try to make the casualty vomit.

 

What to look out for – Unconciousness – Confusion – Faintness and dizziness – Difficulty in breathing – Vomiting What to do – Clear the airway, check breathing and pulse. Be ready to start artificial ventilation or cardiopulmonary resuscitation, if necessary. – If the casualty is unconcious but is breathing and has a pulse put them in a recovery position. – Send for an ambulance and monitor the casualty’s breathing and pulse until help arrives. IMPORTANT – Keep of sample of any vomitted material to take to hospital with the casualty. NEVER – Try to make the casualty vomit.

 

What to look out for – Unconciousness – Burns What to do – Only approach the casualty once the current is off or the contact is broken. If possible, switch current off at the mains. Break the contact between the electrical source and the casualty with something dry and non-condutive, such as broom handle or a rolled up news paper. – Check the casualty is breathing and pulse, and be ready to start artificial ventilation or cardiopulmonary resuscitation, if necessary. – Call an ambulance. IMPORTANT – If high voltage electricity is involved, call an ambulance and stay well clear of the area until help arrives.

 

What to look out for – Pain – Swelling of eyelid – Red, swollen and/or watering eye What to do – Gently hold the casualty’s eye open under cold running water for at least 10 minutes. You could also use a jug or glass. – Cover the injured eye with a sterile dressing and secure with a bandage. – Ensure the casualty is taken to hospital. IMPORTANT – Never allow the casualty to touch their eye. ij gĠ퀐ǮŸ:pulse, and be ready to start artificial ventilation or cardiopulmonary resuscitation, if necessary. – Call an ambulance. IMPORTANT – If high voltage electricity is involved, call an ambulance and stay well clear of the area until help arrives.

 

What to look out for – Pain – Twitching eyelid – Blood shot and watering eye – Difficulty in seeing What to do – Gently separate the casualty’s eyelids with your finger and thumb and look carefully for the foreign body. – Wash it out using an eye-bath or clean water from a glass. – If this is unsuccessful, try removing it with the damp corner of a clean handkerchief or cotton bud. IMPORTANT – Never attempt to remove anything embedded in the eye. Cover the eye with a sterile dressing and ensure the casualty is taken to hospital.

 

What to look out for – Pain – Bleeding – Difficulty in seeing What to do – Get the casualty to lie on their back and keep their eyes as still as possible. – Cover the injured eye with a sterile dressing then secure with a bandage, covering both eyes to stop them moving the injured eye. – Ensure the casualty is taken to the hospital. IMPORTANT – Never try to remove an embedded foreign body.

 

What to look out for – Temporary loss of conciousness – Pale skin – Slow pulse What to do – Ensure the casualty is lying on their back. Raise their legs and loosen any tight clothing. – Make sure the casulaty has some fresh air by opening a window. IMPORTANT – If unconciousness lasts longer than a few minutes, call an ambulance and monitor casualty’s breathing and pulse until help arrives. NEVER – Place someones’ head between their knee if they feel faint. If they do faint, their head is likely to hit the ground as they fall.

 

What to look out for – Temparature above 37 degree C (98.6 degree F) – Pale, cold skin – Hot, clammy, flushed skin – Aches and pain – Headache What to do – Get the casualty to bed, making sure they rest and keep warm. – Give the casualty plenty of fluids and drink. IMPORTANT – If the casualty’s high temparature continues or if it rises above 40 degree C (104 degree F), seek the advice of a doctor urgently.

 

What to look out for – Intense pain, especially on movement of the injured area – Injured area looks odd and unnatural – Swelling and bruising – Difficulty in moving injured area – Shock What to do – Tell the casualty to keep still. If possible do not move the injured area but steady and support it. – Any joints above and/or below the fracture must be immobilized to prevent further injury. Use a sling for arm fractures, which can be made from a triangular bandage, scarf, towel or similar. – Use splints to immobilize leg, upper arm, elbow, finger and wrist fractures. Any long, firm object may be used (for example, an umbrella or rolled newspaper) with plenty of padding. In the case of leg fractures, you could also tie the casualty’s legs together. IMPORTANT – If the fracture is open, control the bleeding and cover with sterile dressing. NEVER – Try to straighten a broken limb.

 

What to look out for – Headache – Nausea and vomiting – Unconciousness – Memory loss – Bleeding – Convulsion – Difficulty in seeing What to do – If possible, try not to move the casualty as the injury may have affected their spine. – If the casualty is unconcious, open the airway, check breathing and pulse, and be ready to start artificial ventilation or cardiopulmonary resuscitation, if necessary. Send for an ambulance. Treat any other injuries, such as bleeding. – If concious, treat possible concussion. IMPORTANT – Blows to the head should be treated seriously. Anyone who has been unconcious should seek medical attention.

 

What to look out for – Gripping pain in chest, often spreading to arm and jaw – Pain and/or tingling in the hand – Difficulty in breathing – Sudden weakness What to do – Sit the casualty down and give them any medication they may have to ease their condition. – The casualty should feel better within a few moments. If the pain continues or returns, call an ambulance. Monitor breathing and pulse closely and be ready to start cardiopulmonary resuscitation if necessary.

 

What to look out for – Persistent crushing pain radiating out from the chest – Difficulty in breathing – Faintness and dizziness – Cold clammy skin – Pale skin and blue lips – Rapid pulse which weakens – Sudden collapse – Confusion – Shock What to do – Sit the casualty down, supporting their head and bent knees with cushions or similar. – Call an ambulance. Check breathing and pulse regularly and be ready to start cardiopulmonary resuscitation if necessary.

 

What to look out for – No Pulse – No Breathing What to do – Check the casualty’s breathing and pulse. – If neither are present, send for an ambulance and start cardiopulmonaty resuscitation immidiately. IMPORTANT – If you have an ordinary aspirin and the casualty is concious, give them one tablet to chew slowly.

 

What to look out for – Headache – Faintness and dizziness – Nausea – Clammy, pale skin – Rapid pulse which weakens – Difficulty in breathing – Cramps – Sweating What to do – Get the casualty to lie down, rise and support their legs. Loosen or remove any tight or heavy clothing. – Give the casualty a glass of water with as spinch of salt added to it, which they should sip slowly. – If the casualty becomes unconcious, put them in the recovery position and send for an ambulance. Check their breathing and pulse regularly until help arrives and be ready to start artificial ventilation or cardiopulmonary resuscitation, if necessary IMPORTANT – If the casualty’s condition does not quickly improve or if they start to vomit, seek mediacal help immidiately.

 

What to look out for – Headache – Dizziness – Confusion – Hot, dry, flushed skin – High temperature (above 40 degree C / 104 degree F) – Nausea and vomiting – Rapid pulse – Unconciousness What to do – Move the casualty to a cool place, Loosen or remove any tight or heavy clothing. – Wrap the casualty in a sheet which has been dampened with cold water. Make sure the sheet stays wet and fan the casualty to keep them cool. – Check the casualty’s temperature regularly. Once it has fallen to a safer level (under 40 degree C/ 100.4 degree F) remove the wet sheet and stop the cooling process) IMPORTANT – If the casualty becomes unconcious, put them in the recovery position and call for an ambulance immidiately. Check their breathing and their pulse regularly and be ready to start artificial ventilation or cardiopulmonary resuscitation, if necessary

 

What to look out for – Shivering – Cold, dry and pale skin – Confusion and lethargy – Slow pulse and breathing – Lack of coordination What to do – Move the person to a dry, warm place and remove any wet clothing, replacing it with warm, dry articles. If possible, wrap them in a blanket and cover their head. – If the casualty is unconcious, give them a hot drink. – If the casualty is unconcious, put them into the recovery position and check their breathing and pulse regularly. Be ready to start artificial ventilation or cardiopulmonary resuscitation, if necessary IMPORTANT – Never warm the casualty too quickly or extremely by putting them near fire or using hot water bottle, as this may cause shock. – Never give the casualty alcohol.

 

What to look out for – Pain in digestive tract – Nausea and vomiting – Drowsiness and vomiting – Confusion – Difficulty in breathing – Headache – Unconciousness – Flushed, damp skin – Fever – Shock What to do – The first priority is to get the casualty to the hospital. – If the casualty is unconcious, check airway, breathing and pulse and put them into recovery position. Call an ambulance and be ready to start artificial ventilation or cardiopulmonary resuscitation, if necessary. – Any vomited material or evidence such as syringes, suicide notes or pill bottles should be sent with the casualty to hospital – If the poison has been absorbed through the skin, remove any contaminated clothing from the casualty (protecting yourself with rubber gloves) and wash the affected area thoroughly under running water. IMPORTANT – If you need to resuscitate the casualty, make sure that any poisonous substances have been washed away from their mouths. – If you are taking the casualty to the hospital by car, make sure someone calls the hospital casualty department to warn them of your arrival. NEVER – Try to get the casualty to vomit, as it may cause further harm. – Give the casualty anything to eat or drink.

 

What to look out for – Severed Limb What to do – Control bleeding by raising limb abd apply direct pressure. – Apply sterile dressing and secure with a bandage. – Treat the casualty for shock. – Send for an ambulance and warn them of nature of injury. – Wrap the severed limb in kitchen film or put in a polythene bag. – Wrap this again in some soft material such as soft fabric and then place in another plastic bag, filled with crushed ice. – Note the time of the injury and casualty’s name and label the bag, which you should hand over when the medics arrive. IMPORTANT – Never apply a torniquet to control bleeding. – Never wash the severed limb or clean it with any antiseptic or disinfectant, wrap it in any material other than plastic or let it come in direct cntact with ice.

 

What to look out for – Rapid pulse, which weakens – Pale, cold, clammy skin – Weakness and dizziness – Thirst – Nausea and vomiting – Confusion and anxiety – Unconciousness – Rapid breathing What to do – If possible, treat any cause for the shock, such as severe bleeding or burns. – With the casualty lying on their back, raise and support their legs (unless ou suspect fractures). – Loosen any tight clothing especially around the neck, chest and waist. – Ensure that the casualty is kept warm, but do not overheat them – a blanket should be enough. – If the casualty is unconcious, send for an ambulance, put them into the recovery position and check their breathing and pulse regularly. Be ready to start artificial ventilation or cardiopulmonary resuscitation, if necessary. IMPORTANT – Never give the casualty anything to eat or drink. If they are thirsty, just moisten their lips.

 

What to look out for – Pain in the neck or at the level of injury – Unusual-looking spine – Loss of sensation – Unusual sensations such as burning, tingling or heavy feeling in limbs – Difficulty in breathing – Loss of control over limbs or bodily functions What to do – Tell the casualty not to move. Do not move the casualty from the position in which they were found, unless they are unconcious or in danger where they are. Your aim is to prevent further damage to the spine or the spinal cord. – Steady the casualty’s head by placing your hands gently over their ears and keeping them there. If possible, get a bystander to pad the casualty’s head and shoulfer to protect them. – Send for an ambulance. – If the casualty becomes unconcious, put in the recovery position. If at all possible, do this with the help of at least 1 person. It is essential to keep the casualty’s head and torso aligned at all times. One person should control the position of the head and neck while the others move the lower parts of the body, acting together. Once they are in recovery position, ensure that the casualty is supported there until help arrives. Check their breathing and pulse be ready to start artificial ventilation or cardiopulmonary resuscitation, if necessary. IMPORTANT – If you are alone, remember that the first priority is to keep the casualty’s airway open. – If you have no choice but to move the casualty, get as much help as you can – preferably 4 other people. One person should keep the casualty’s head and neck in the line with the rest of their torso, while the others roll the body on to a stretcher. NEVER – Move a casualty, if at all possible, or pull on their neck.

 

What to look out for – Pain – Restricted movement of joints – Swelling – Bruising What to do – Remember RICE: Rest injured area, Ice or cold compress, Compression bandage, Elevate injured area. – Remove any restrictive clothing or footwear from the injured area. – Get the casualty to take any weight pressure off the injured area: they should rest and support it. – Apply ice or a cold compress to reduce pain, swelling and bruising. – Apply gentle, even pressure by bandaging the injured area; then raise and support it. – Ensure the casualty goes to hospital or sees their doctor.

 

What to look out for – Difficulty in breathing – Unconciousness – Blue skin – Prominent veins in face – Constriction marks around neck What to do – Remove anything which is stopping the casualty from breathing, being careful to support their neck (in the case of constricted airway); or move them into the fresh air. – Call an ambulance. – If the casualty is unconcious, send for an ambulance, put them into the recovery position and check their breathing and pulse regularly. Be ready to start artificial ventilation or cardiopulmonary resuscitation, if necessary. IMPORTANT – Do not tamper with any evidence such as ropes or suicide notes.

 

What to look out for - Sudden headache - Confusion - Unconciousess - Paralysis of weakness, usually on one side of the body - Severe headache - Strong pulse - Seizures in some cases - Difficulty in speaking - Loss of control for bodily reasons What to do - Get the casualty to lie down with their head and shoulders raised slightly, supported against some pillows and similar. - Loosen any tight clothing, keep the person warm and use a clean cloth to absorb any dribbling. - If the casualty is unconcious, send for an ambulance, put them into the recovery position and check their breathing and pulse regularly. Be ready to start artificial ventilation or cardiopulmonary resuscitation, if necessary. - Send for an ambulance. IMPORTANT - Never given the casualty anthing to eat and drink

 

What to look out for – Bleeding from nose What to do – Sit the casualty down, with their head well forward, and ask them to breathe through their mouths and to avoid speaking, swallowing, coughing or sniffing. – Get them to pinch their nose just below the bridge. – After about 10 minutes, get them to release their nose. If the bleeding hasn’t stopped, repeat the process for a further 10 minutes. If there is no improvement, the casualty should be taken to hospital, still leaning forward and pinching their nose – Once the bleeding has stopped, tell the casualty to avoid blowing their nose for a while. IMPORTANT – If a bloody but pale fluid leaks from the nose or if the casualty is unconcious, medical attention should be sought immidiately. If the casualty is unconcious, send for an ambulance, put them into the recovery position and check their breathing and pulse regularly. Be ready to start artificial ventilation or cardiopulmonary resuscitation, if necessary.